Summer Consumer Electronics Show - 1985
by D. Sage, Editor
    The trip to the Summer CES has become something akin to a religious pilgrimage to those of us who follow the home entertainment market. With the press it may be even more like the salmon swimming upstream to spawn, they're in a big rush to get there and already have their minds made up as to what to do when they arrive. Too bad, this is the last major opportunity for manufacturers of home entertainment products to display their wares before the Christmas season.
    Like eveyone else my wife and I nade the trek. We travelled by car again. No lost gas caps and we even stayed in Illinois this year. Since I am originally from Illinois, I have travelled to Chicago many times and am well aware of why it is called the "Windy City", but Chicago is usually warm in June. Away from the lake it is often hot this time of the year. Well this year it was cold and windy. Our last day at the show the temperature finally rose to a high of 70.
    The cool outdoor temperatures were only equalled by the cool attitude of the press to this show. This year's events went largely unnoticed. The general tone of the show as less flamboyant and few companies were plying the press with food and drink. Let's hope that it doesn't take an elaborate party for the press to cover something, but I wonder. The Wall Street Journal typically covers this show with a number of columns, but even they failed to do more than print a rehash of old news about Commodore and Atari. In any case, I noticed that the reporters did a lot of talking but little listening. I always thought the purpose of the press was to collect information rather than create it. One would usually expect that in an interview, the interviewee would be doing most of the talking. If this is the way most of the periodical press conducts itself, it is no wonder much of the information they print is innaccurate and misleading. More on the press and the reasons for my negative attitudes later.     Oh yes, Atari was at CES after all. They had earlier cancelled their large display space, but were back in a modest room with tables and computers scattered around the walls. They were showing the new versions of the old 64k 800 and the new 128k version as well as a revamped 130ST.
    The 130ST is no longer a 128K version but a 256k one that cannot be upgraded to the level of the 512K machine. Earlier the 130ST had been cancelled when Atari decided to primarily market their 512k Macintosh-like machine through computer stores. The revamped 130ST, now designated the 260ST, was redesigned for sale through mass erchandisers. I have doubts whether this machine will ever appear anywhere other than at a trade show. Producing a machine that is not upgradable is a mistake. Who would buy one, when for a few dollars more they could get the super machine with twice the memory. Oh well, the machines seemed to be performing quite well and drawing a lot of interest from the people crowded into the room. You will probably be hearing more about the Atari machines as the time approaches for them to begin appearing in stores. Atari was also demonstrating a lazer disk add-on using the standard size audio disk. The demonstration disk contained an encyclopedia data base that could be searched by subject at high speed. The player will also be capable of playing audio disks as well as data disks. It is a read only device that will provide computer users with access to data bases that require mass storage in excess of normal hard disks.
    Commodore was at CES in force with one of the larger displays in McCormick West (most of the computer and software displays are located in McCormick West, rather than in the main exhibition hall). The Commodore display was divided between products for the U.S. and the international market. The international display included the Unix machine and the IBM PC look alike. The U.S. display concentrated on the new 128 with a few 64's scattered around. For Comodore this must be the year of the 128. The Amiga Lorraine was not visible and rumors indicate that it has been delayed again. There are also indications that the Lorraine will be priced over $2000. So much for the home market. I may be wrong, but I get the impression that the new management of Commodore is moving the company away from the home market and that the 128 ay be the last such product they introduce at the lower end for some time to come. For some reason everyone seems to be terrified of the home market. If the 128 had been introduced a year earlier, it would have been a success, now I am not so sure. The new disk drive is super, but may still have some problems. It was not slated to start shipping until a couple of months after the 128 shipped. What good is a new machine without the disk drive necessary to show off its capabilities? Maybe Commodore is hoping they will be able to unload the rest of their cludgy 1541's. If I buy a 128, I think I will wait until both it and the new drives are fairly clean. I still remember my experiences with the 64 and the many 1541 drives I have had. I always recommend people be cautious about buying the first computers off the assembly line, regardless of the manufacturer. From what I have read about the IBM AT, no one seems to be exempt from problems with early machines. Of course, if you want to be among the first to own a new machine, then be prepared for the worst.
    Nintendo was showing off their new high resolution video game machine and its new robot accessory. If the video game industry is still alive, then this machine should do well. If you will remember, Nintendo is the company that gave us "Donkey Kong" in the arcades. There should be a lot of write ups on this product, since Nintendo threw a big evening press party with lots of food and prizes. Unfortunately, I didn't read my press packet until after the party was over, so we missed out on the goodies.
    The Nintendo Entertainent system includes the main console, the interactive robot, one robot game, and two controllers, all for a suggested retail price of less than $130. The robot interacts with the video images on your television and is designed to play a variety of games. The graphics are superior and at this price the system is a bargain. A number of games have already been developed for the product and new introductions are slated at two-to-four each quarter. A light gun for use with shooting games was also on display. The system itself has a visually appealing design. Some games include a limited editing feature, where players may modify game play. Unfortunately for those of us in other parts of the country, this product is slated to be introduced first in the New York area around September. No one ever introduces anything in the midwest. It's always either the east or west coasts. Fortunately, I have a number of contacts in the New York area and will have them on the look out for this product. My biggest problem is figuring out when I would get the time to play with this machine. Outside of reviews, most of my games simply collect dust. Maybe when I retire...
    Speaking of robots, I think one would make a nice addition to our family (my wife will probably kill me when she reads this). TOMY had robots again, including the new Omnibot 2000. In addition to the 2000 and the line of products introduced last year, TOMY was also showing Chatbot, Hootbot, Spotbot and Flipbot. These latter products are smaller robots similar to the venerable Dingbot and Verbot introduced last year. The 2000 includes a fully articulated arm and grasping hand. Although not in the class with Hero, these products are much more affordable. Somehow I failed to get the actual price for the 2000. Look for it to appear in the Christmas catalogs for Sears and Wards. Robots are the coming thing. A number of companies had interfaces to allow you to program robots, with one company speciallizing in an interace for the Ominibot 2000 using a Commodore 64, Apple, IBM or Atari computer. The company, Computer Magic, also plans to introduce a number of games for the smaller Verbot robot. If the kids want a pet, this may be an easy solution. No feeding or paper training equired.
    Casio had a large display of their marvelous keyboards. A number of these can be interfaced easily to a home computer (sorry, not the ADAM). Casio was also showing their line of hand held computers, calculators, televisions and watches. Yamaha had a smaller display of their keyboards in one of the side rooms at the main exhibition hall. Although they did not have their MSX computer on display, it has been rumored that they will be introducing that machine in September. It is expected the computer will be sold through music stores initially, largely as an accessory to their keyboard and midi systems.
    One of the MSX software vendors at the show confirmed that two MSX machines would be introduced in the U.S. in September. The machines they named were the Yamaha system and Bondwell's revamped Spectravideo system. Although other Japarese companies such as Daewoo had MSX machines on display, no one seemed willing to say if or when these machines would be introduced here. I had a rather interesting discussion with a Daewoo representative about which joystick port should be used with a one-player game. Unfortunately he spoke little English and I never added Japanese as a second language. Another Japanese representative of Daewoo tried to intervene but his English was not much better. I tried to ask about introduction dates, but they only laughed. When I left, the first gentleman was still trying to play a game with the joystick plugged into the wrong port.

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    Bondwell was much better organized and somewhat easier to communicate with. Their PC compatibles seemed to be the main focus of their display although they did have two MSX systems set up. The MSX attracted few members of the press, but seemed to be drawing a number of buyers and retailers.
    The MSX computer on display was named the Express. I assume this is a reworked ersion of the earlier MSX computer that was introduced by Spectravideo, before Bondwell bought them out. At least the new computer has a somewhat different appearance. The new machine now comes with a built-in 3 1/2 inch disk drive. It is fully MSX compatible and includes the standard I/O ports and cartridge slots. The Express comes with a carrying case and has the overall appearance of portability. A variety of peripherals were announced, including 64k expander, 80 column card, external 3 1/2 in. drive, data casette, and a network interface card that allows connection to a 10 megabyte hard disk. The system supports CP/M software as well as all MSX software.
    One of the sales representatives indicated that they would be shipping the product in September, but that we probably could obtain a review model. By next issue, I hope to have one of these machines in my hands. A lot of people do not seem to be impressed by the MSX, but they have generally done quite well overseas. These are good solid machines, backed by a large number of reliable Japanese companies. I expect that once Bondwell and Yamaha have broken the ice, the other companies will soon follow. These machines are excellent for game playing, small business and home applications. The main unit should be priced around $200. Since these computers were introduced elsewhere, there is already a large software base that will make them a more attractive buy when introduced here. I particularly like the portability feature of the Express when combined with a small portable TV or monitor. You could even use one of the small LCD TVs. The MSX's could have a big impact, but if they don't enter the US market this year, I doubt if they will have a major impact.
    A dutch software company, AAKOSOFT, had an interesting software display. They had a number of MSX machines all running their software. A lot of their game software is of the flight simulator variety. A new game to be introduced this year will allow two MSX computers to be hooked together. Why would anyone want to do that you ask? So that two people can play a flight simulation combat game at the same time, is the answer. Each player's screen would give a first person perspective and the object would be to evade the other player and shoot him/her down. Sounds very interesting.
    Some of the press who attended CES must have gone to the wrong place. I realize Chicago is large, but McCormick place is hard to miss. Anyway, one newspaper reported that the MSX computers were not going to be introduced in the U.S. I wonder who they talked to, must have been one of those investigative reporters.
    While the Japanese may be preparing to mount an invasion via the west coast, the real news is--THE BRITISH ARE COMING!!!
    Amstrad, a manufacturer of one of the more popular home computers in England and Europe, has announced that they will be entering the U.S. market in September. Let me tell you, I talked to representatives of this company, they are serious. The machine they have been successfuIly marketing overseas is the CPC464, a 64K casette based, Z-80 system. That system runs CP/M software as well as software using Amstrad's own operating system. The product they are introducing in the U.S. is a similar machine that is disk based and includes 128K. The machine is designated the CPC6128. The disk drive is built in and the computer comes with either a monochrome or color monitor. An 80 column display is supported by the system and it includes Digital Research's GSX graphics enhancement as well as BASIC and LOGO languages. Word processing software is also included. The disks are 3 inch and although the drives are single-sided, the disks are reversible so that both sides can be used for storing data. Like the CPC464 this machine is also a Z-80 and comes with CP/M 3.1 and the AMSDOS operating system. Initially this product will be sold in two configurations: 128K computer with monochrome monitor and Wordstar for a suggested retail price of $699 and the computer with a high resolution color monitor and Amsword word processor for $799. Both machines are backed by a full one-year warranty. Yes, a full one-year warranty. Service will be provided through our good old Honeywell Service Centers that many of you have visited with your beloved ADAMS. The computer includes standard interfaces, so you may connect the printer or modem of your choice. An external disk drive may also be added.
    Amstrad has chosen a sound strategy for marketing this computer. They are in no rush to get rich and are taking a long term approach to building this product into a successful competitor. A great deal of high quality software has already been produced for the CPC464 and that software will run on the CPC6128. The company indicated that they expect initial sales of the system to be snall and are willing to take their time in establishing the product in the U.S. because they feel that over the long term the U.S. can become their biggest market. They have analyzed the reasons other companies have succeeded and failed. I believe they are serious and have a good chance of succeeding. We will be following this company very closely in the months to come.
    I spent quite a bit of time at the Amstrad display looking at the machines and software. I also talked to a number of the company's representatives including the President of their U.S. operations. I found these people to be quite helpful and cooperative. They were willing to talk without continually handing out a bunch of hype. One of the games that was running, was a robot arcade type game involving a large number of screens. The graphics were crisp and detailed. Images were three-dimensional and game play seemed quite interesting. The initial offering of software in this country will be around 200 titles. These exist, they are not planned. I have seen some of the British computer publications and Amstrad titles are plentiful.
    We hope to have a more detailed review of this machine in our next issue. We were promised a review machine and hope to have it in the next couple of weeks. Generally, I liked the keyboard and overall design. My only concern at this point has to do with the 3 inch disk drive. The 3 inch drives are common in Europe and not in the U.S. The company will have to make sure that disks are plentiful and easy to obtain, unlike ADAM's digital data packs. If they can get disks and products to the consumer then that should not be a serious problem.
    To announce the CPC6128, Amstrad held a press conference that included a small champaign luncheon. Naturally, where there is free food and booze, you will find the press. Unfortunately, I was not impressed by the conduct of some members of the press that attended. The Amstrad representatives had some difficulty in getting the attention of their guests when it as time for the press conference to begin. A number of these people continued to talk among themselves during the presentation. Some even walked off before the presentation was over; they apparently had already gotten what they had come for--food and booze. A question and answer period was held following the formal presentation. The only intelligent questions were posed by representatives of the British press. Most of the other questions were generally irrelevant and indicated a lack of interest. Needless to say, the question and answer period did not last long. My guess is that you will not be seeing much on this machine in other U.S. publications. If you do I will be surprised and will expect it to be largely a rehash of materials presented in the company's press kit.
    Most of the software displays were for the Commodore 64 & 128, the Macintosh, Apple or IBM with a few Ataris thrown in. If you were hoping for something on the ADAM, forget it. Coleco was not there and as far as we could tell they did not even send a represertative. We did talk to representatives from M.W. Ruth, Extended Software, and IMAGE Microcorp, all of whom still seemed to be quite positive about the ADAM. Rumors about an MSX operating system still exist, but if it comes it will probably be too late to make much of a difference.
    Overall this year's show was quite enjoyable. There were no breakdancers or much else in the way of commercial entertainment offered by exhibitors. McCormick West was no longer completely dedicated to computers and software. The adult video entertainment displays had taken over a portion of one floor. Many small companies simply cannot afford to spend the money it costs to have a formal exhibit. The absence of these companies contributed greatly to the reduced space occupied by the home computer displays. In spite of all this and the level of competition existing today, the general attitude of most companies' representatives as well as those of retailers remains quite positive. I think most of us still recognize that this industry is a long way from maturation and still has plenty of room for growth. For now all we can do is wait and watch. Return to Top

Ramblings From The Ridge
by D. Sage
    Hard to believe it's that time again. Another issue of ECN and I'm still running behind. I have been hard at work on some software projects for the ADAM, one of which has been extremely time consuming. What is it? Well, if it gets finished by the time we go to press, you will see an ad in this issue. Otherwise, I have to guard my secrets well or some of my competition that seems to be short on creative ideas will jump on the bandwagon. Between piracy of our software and copycats, it is getting harder and harder to remain profitable.
     In addition to our software projects and ECN, we have a number of projects in the formative stages. We will keep you posted, but unfortunately most of this stuff we have to keep the lid on until it is more finalized.
    Summer has arrived on the ridge along with heat and thunder storms, two denizens that computers don't need. Some day we hope to have a better cooling system and a back up power supply, so that these conditions don't require us to shut down. Remember even spike and surge protectors may not be able to save you from a direct lightning strike. Sometimes the only safe action is to actually unplug your system. When it gets hot either keep your ADAM cool or don't operate it for extended periods. Heat can cause a computer to develop a variety of mental ailments from loss of memory to schizophrenia. Since we are located on a high ridge we are a regular target during lightning storms. During those times I am forced to shut down and relax. One evening recently we were subjected to heavy rains accompanied by high winds and a brilliant lightning display. The next day when I sat down at one of my computers, I found little puddles of water on the keys of the keyboard. Surprise, surprise. Fortunately, I was able to shut everything off and dry it out with no apparent damage.
    This is issue nine of ECN and we continue to get a substantial number of new subscribers. So far the new subscriptions have exceeded those who have failed to renew. This issue includes a number of excellent contributions from our readers. We really appreciate this type of support. As new product introductions decline, the number of reviews will also decline. Our response will be to publish more program listings. However, we continue to receive printed listings of programs without software on either disk or data pack. Please remember to send the software on disk or data pack and it will be returned. If we fail to print something you sent us, don't be disappointed. We can't print everything and we can't print anything that someone else may hold a copyright on such as a program from a magazine. Even though you modify the program to run on ADAM, you must obtain the consent of the owner of the original program before we can use it. In a couple of cases the materials you sent did not include your name and address. Always put your name and address on any review, program, article, etc., not just on the correspondence accompanying it. Sometimes these do get separated.
    For those of you ho provided information on Davasan, SmartSpeller, and other products, we appreciate your help. If you hear of a new product for the ADAM, pass the word on to us. If you obtain the product, drop us a note. A review would be helpful, but we will take what we can get. Usually any information is better than nothing.
    A commercial printer interface now exists for the ADAM. Information on that and other products will be covered in reviews and other portions of ECN.
    Issue 3 of ECN is no longer available. I doubt that we will have it reprinted unless there is substantial demand. Issues 4, 5, and 6 are in short supply and will not be available much longer. Since most of you seem to have found sources for ribbons, we will no longer be carrying those for sale.
    Revisions of PACKCOPY have been completed and all owners have been notified. The revisions include: the ability to create a disk version of BASIC that includes the program autoboot; a single disk drive copy; copy from one data pack to two disks; improvements in the copy routine to increase the reliability of copying Super Games; and a special feature for copying the short tapes (Donkey Kong & Donkey Kong Jr.). Software using data pack blocks above 159 still will not run from disk. All orders for the update will be filled as quickly as possible, but please be patient. If your version of PACKCOPY does everything you want it to, you may not even want the update. It's up to you.
    Our latest software, CONVERT (see ad), is in the testing stages and should be ready for shipment by the first of August, but I learned a long time ago that when you start setting deadlines you are asking for trouble. Nevertheless, I do feel that we will be on time with this project. However, if it is delayed we will hold all orders and checks until it is ready to ship. If the delay becomes too great, orders will be returned. Return to Top

CP/M Information & Sources
by Jeffrey King
    For those of you interested in public domain CP/M software, there is already a source that carries such software in ADAM disk format. The best source for this is Elliam Associates, 24000 Besemer St., Woodland Hills, CA 91367. Their general catalog lists both proprietary and public domain CP/M software. All of their software is available in a wide variety of disk formats, including the ADAM SS/DD format. The general catalog is free but does not list the greater part of the public domain software that they have available. A much more detailed catalog, listing thousands of programs on hundreds of disks is available for $7.50. The cost per disk is fairly nominal I think about $10.00 per disk (their standard format is 8" disk, so a formula has to be applied to get the cost for a given size of 5 1/4" disk).
    Their are also a few CP/M programs available from Gordon Meyer's freeware exchange, "Do Not Stamp" Software, 2608 W. 6000 South, Roy, Utah 84067. These are only available on DDP.
    Some further observations on ASCOM: this is a very well designed program that allows uploading and downloading of files, as well as more advanced functions such as communicating with mainframe machines. There are some subtleties of using ASCOM that were not obvious from the manual. First, when downloading files using the CPMUG protocol (equivalent to XMODEM or MODEM7), you must return to command mode after asking the system you are calling to download the file, and give the command "RECEIVE [filename]". This will initiate the downloading process and cause the file to be saved to disk under whatever filename you specify.
    Another crucial peculiarity of ASCOM is what happens if you try to scroll across the screen while data is being received. If text is actively appearing on the screen when you use the control-arrow combination, the data will stop appearing on the screen, but will not stop being sent. The display will move back and forth and when you hit return it will dutifully begin writing out on the screen at whatever point the sending computer has reached in the meantime! Another case of "When will that 80-column card get here?" A way around this on most bulletin board systems is to halt transmission using Control-S, then use the arrow keys to scan back and forth. Then use Control-Q to restart transmission after you've read it all.
    There are a couple of other tricks to using ASCOM that I have learned. The ADAM version of ASCOM has an "extra" command, "USER1", which will redial the last number dialed. Batch commands can also be used for automatic redial, but this provides a shortcut for less often used numbers. Another tip, which may not work on all BBS systems, is to use "Control-L" to do what "home" will do in ADAM-Link, i.e. clear the screen and return the cursor to the top.
    Some general observations on ADAM CP/M: The 64K expander functions as an additional disk drive, which is designated as "M:". Of course, it will only hold 64K, but it is much faster than "real" disks. This may be useful when using a program or programs several times during the same session. By transferring a program to "M:", the loading time becomes essentially zero. For example the transient commands (PIP, STAT, SYSGEN, etc.) can be transferred to M: using PIP. When you want to run them, simply move to drive M:, and run the program. Programs that do a lot of read/write operations run a lot faster when residing in drive M, if the 64K allows enough working space. (Editor's note: Remember when you turn off ADAM anything stored in drive M will be lost, so you must copy anything you wish to save to another drive).
    Rumors persist that the 80-co1umn card will be out sometime this summer, along with an RS-232 port (see reviews and news elsewhere, ed.).
    There is another source of public domain CP/M software that may be of interest. It is called the "Datacom Super System," and is located in Palm Harbor, Florida. The phone number is (813) 937-3608 or 937-6829. This is not a free system, but it promises to have a good and up-to-date selection of CP/M and MS-DOS software. As a non-member you can call to get a description of the system and an application form. They will also provide programs on disk, to avoid long distance charges.
    There is a public domain BBS for CP/M software located in the Col ton, California area. It is run by the Inland Empire Computer Group. The number is (714) 796-4745. It is a 300 or 1200 baud access, null parity, and access is free.
    One last comment: It is really important to enter that Control-C every time you change disks in CP/M. Failure to do so can cause unpredictable damage to a disk when you next try to do any read/write operations. This can result in loss of files or damage to the directory. Return to Top

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Patching CP/M For ADAM
by John Moore
    The CP/M software for ADAM does not have a convenient way to patch the operating system. I don't know whether Coleco or Digital Research is responsible for this oversight, but since DR has provided the means to do this in every other implementation of CP/M I have seen, the evidence points to West Hartford! This article will first show you how to modify the SYSGEN.COM file furnished with ADAM CP/M, to make other patches possible. As an example, I will provide instructions for inserting a patch which will display the current user number immediately following the drive letter in the CP/M prompt.
    For clarity, all output from the system will be capitalized. All of your responses will be in lower case. [ret] means the RETURN key. Notice, you will ERASE your SYSGEN program during this example, as well as make changes to the Operating System itself. One typographical error can crash your system (or trash your disk or data pack). It is STRONGLY suggested that you perform these operations ONLY on a backup copy of CP/M!

   
 
 A> ddt sysgen.com [ret]
DDT VERS 2.2
NEXT PC
0800 0100
-s125 [ret]
0125 C3 00 [ret]
0126 00 .  [ret]
-s26d  [ret]
026D 52 53 [ret]
026E 65 6b [ret]
026F 62 69 [ret]
0270 6F 70 [ret]
0271 6F 29 [ret]
0272 74 20 [ret]
0273 29 3f [ret]
0274 20      [ret]
0275 3F 20 [ret]
0276 20 .    [ret]
-g0
A> era sysgen.com [ret]
A> save 8 sysgen.com [ret]
A>sysgen [ret]
SYSTEM GENERATOR
ENTER SOURCE DRIVE
(OR RETURN TO SKIP) ? a [ret]

ENTER DESTINATION DRIVE
(OR RETURN TO REBOOT) ? [ret]
A>save 60 mycpm.com [ret]
A>ddt mycpm.com [ret]
DDT VERS 2.2
NEXT PC
3D00 0100
-s2a8e [ret]
2A8E 8C f0 [ret]
2A8F C4 d9 [ret]
2A90 3E .     [ret]
-s3cf0 [ret]
3CF0 00 cd [ret]
3CF1 00 8c [ret]
3CF2 00 c4 [ret]
3CF3 00 cd [ret]
3CF4 00 13 [ret]
3CF5 00 c5 [ret]
3CF6 00 c6 [ret]
3CF7 00 90 [ret]
3CF8 00 27 [ret]
3CF9 00 ce [ret]
3CFA 00 40 [ret]
3CFB 00 27 [ret]
3CFC 00 c3 [ret]
3CFD 00 8c [ret]
3CFE 00 c4 [ret]
3CFF 00 .  [ret]
-g0 [ret]
A>sysgen [ret]
SYSTEM GENERATOR
ENTER SOURCE DRIVE
(OR RETURN TO SKIP)? [ret]
ENTER DESTINATION DRIVE
(OR RETURN TO REBOOT)? a [ret]
ENTER DESTINATION DRIVE
(OR RETURN TO REBOOT)? [ret]

10   REM A file creator
20   PRINT CHR$(4);"OPEN SAMPLE"
30   PRINT CHR$(4);"WRITE SAMPLE"
40   PRINT
50   PRINT CHR$(4);"CLOSE SAMPLE"
60   END

1        GOTO 65000
65000 PRINT CHR$(4); "OPEN LISTFILE"
65010 PRINT CHR$(4); "WRITE LISTFILE"
65020 LIST 2, 64999
65030 PRINT CHR$(4); "CLOSE LISTFILE"
65040 END

10     LOMEM :37550
15     base = 27500
20     PRINT "CP/M to Adam fix program"
30     PRINT "This program fixes files"
40     PRINT "transfered to ADAM from CP/M"
70     PRINT "Enter name of drive"
80     INPUT " Drive (d1,d5,d6)"; drive$
90     PRINT CHR$(4); "catalog,"; drive$
120   PRINT "Enter name of file just loaded"
130   PRINT "from CP/M"
140   INPUT " Filename: "; sfile$
150   PRINT "Enter name of new file"
160   INPUT " Filename: "; dfile$
170   maxln = 250
180   length = 10000
190   lastchr = 0
200   done = 0
210   bn = 0
220   GOSUB 2000
230   GOSUB 3000
235   PRINT "Block "; bn; " complete"
240   IF done <> 1 THEN 220
250   PRINT
260   PRINT "Conversion program is complete"
270   END
2000 REM  read text block
2005 ONERR GOTO 2150
2010 adr = 0
2020 HTAB 1 : PRINT CHR$(4); "open "; sfile$
2030 HTAB 1: PRINT CHR$(4); "read "; sfile$
2040 GOSUB 7000
2050 GET a$
2060 IF a$ = CHR$(26) THEN done = 1
2070 POKE adr+base, ASC(a$)
2080 adr = adr+1
2085 If adr < length-maxln THEN 2090
2086 IF a$ = CHR$(13) THEN 2110
2090 If done = 1 THEN 2110
2100 IF adr <> length THEN 2050
2110 bn = bn+1
2120 lastchr = lastchr+adr
2125 blk = adr
2130 HTAB 1: PRINT CHR$(4); "close "; sfile$
2140 RETURN
2150 PRINT
2155 HTAB 1: PRINT CHR$(4); "close "; sfile$
2160 PRINT "Error occured accessing"
2170 PRINT " source file "; sfile$
2180 CLRERR
2190 END
3000 REM  Write block routine
3005 ONERR GOTO 3200
3010 If bn <> 1 THEN 3050
3020 HTAB 1: PRINT CHR$(4); "open "; dfile$
3030 HTAB 1 : PRINT CHR$(4); "write "; dfile$
3040 GOTO 3060
3050 HTAB 1: PRINT CHR$(4); "append "; dfile$
3060 adr = 0
3070 a = PEEK(adr+base)
3080 IF a = 10 THEN count = 0: GOTO 3140
3090 IF a = 9 THEN GOSUB 6000: GOTO 3140
3100 IF a = 26 THEN 3160
3110 IF a = 13 THEN PRINT: count = 0: GOTO 3140
3120 PRINT CHR$(a);
3130 count = count+1
3140 adr = adr+1
3150 IF adr <> blk THEN 3070
3160 HTAB 1: PRINT CHR$(4); "close "; dfile$
3170 RETURN
3200 PRINT
3210 PRINT: PRINT CHR$(4); "close "; dfile$
3220 PRINT "Error occured accessing"
3230 PRINT " destination file "; dfile$
3240 CLRERR
3250 END
6000 PRINT " ";
6010 count = count+1
6020 IP count <> 8*INT(count/8) THEN 6000
6030 RETURN
7000 REM    dump data block routine
7010 FOR db = lastchr TO 0 STEP -1
7020 GET a$
7030 NEXT db
7040 RETURN

DOTS
5    REM  DOTS
6    REM by A.LECLERC
10  HOME
15  HGR
20  INPUT "RADIUS ?"; r
30  HCOLOR = 3
45  FOR d = 0 TO 1.6 STEP 1/r
50  c = INT(SlN(d)*r)
60  l = INT(COS(d)*r)
80  HPLOT 128+c, 80-l TO 128-c, 80-l
86  HPLOT 128+c, 80+l TO 128-c, 80+l
90  NEXT

ELLYPSES
5     REM   ELLYPSES
6     REM   by A.LECLERC
10   HOME
15   HGR
20   INPUT "WIDTH ?"; w
25   INPUT "HEIGHT ?"; h
30   HCOLOR=3
45   FOR d=0 TO 1 .64 STEP 1/((w+h)/2)
50   c=INT(SIN(d)*v/2)
60   l=INT(COS(d)*h/2)
80   HPLOT 128+c, 80-l
85   HPLOT 128-c, 80-l
86   HPLOT 128+c, 80+l
87   HPLOT 128-c, 80+l
90   NEXT
100 END

TRUNCONES
1     REM TRUNCONES
5     REM     by A.Leclerc
10   HOME
20   HGR
30   INPUT  "WIDTH ?"; w
33   VTAB 21 : HTAB 15
36   INPUT "HEIGHT ?"; h
40   VTAB 23
43   INPUT "COLUMN ?"; cl
48   VTAB 23: HTAB 15
50   INPUT "ROW ?  ; li
60   HOME
70   INPUT "Length of cone ?"; hc
80   INPUT "Length of Trunc. Cone ?";ht
85   p=ht/hc
90   INPUT "COLOR ?";co
95   HCOLOR = co
96   HOME
100  FOR d=0 TO 1 .64 STEP 1/((w+h)/2)
110  c=INT(SIN(d)*w/2)
120  l=INT(COS(d)*h/2)
122  lc=hc+li
124  tc=ht+li
126  c2=INT(SIN(d)*((w/2)*(1-p)))
128  l2 =INT(COS(d)*((h/2)*(1-p)))
130  HPLOT  cl+c, li-l
140  HPLOT  cl-c, li-l
145  IF li+l>li+(h/2)-INT((h/(8*(h/lc)))) THEN 180
150  HPLOT cl+c, li+l
160  HPLOT cl-c, li+l
170  GOTO 200
180  HPLOT cl+c, li+l TO cl+c2,  tc+l2
190  HPLOT cl-c, li+1 TO cl-c2, tc+l2
200  NEXT
210 END

CIRCLES
5     REM CIRCLES
6     REM by A. LECLERC
10   HOME
15   HGR
16   FOR x=1 TO 8
17   INPUT "COLUMN ?"; co
18   INPUT "ROW ?";li
20   INPUT "RADIUS ?";r
25   INPUT "COLOR ?";y
30   HCOLOR=y
45   FOR d=0 TO 1.6 STEP 1/r
50   c=INT(SIN(d)*r)
60   l=INT(COS(d)*r)
70   HPLOT co+c, li-l
75   HPLOT co-c, li-l
80   HPLOT co+c, li+l
85   HPLOT co-c, li+l
90   NEXT
95   HOME
100 NEXT

HEARTS
5     REM HEARTS
6     REM by A.LECLERC
10   HOME 
15   HGR
16   FOR x = 1 TO 8
17   INPUT "COLUMN ?"; CO
18   INPUT "ROW?"; li
20   INPUT "SIZE ?"; s
25   INPUT "COLOR ?"; y
26   r = s/2
28   cr = r/2
30   HCOLOR = y
45   FOR d = 0 TO 1.65 STEP 1/r
50   c = INT(SIN(d)*r)
60   l = INT(COS(d)*r)
70   HPLOT co+c, li-l-(SIN(d)*cr) TO co+c, li-(cr/4)+l-(SIN(d)*cr)
75   HPLOT co-c, li-l-(SIN(d)*cr) TO co-c, li-(cr/4)+l-(SIN(d)*cr)
90   NEXT
95   HOME
100 NEXT
110 END